Chemical Composition Almost pure carbon, crystallized under extremes of heat and pressure.
Color Colorless to yellow, brown, orange, blue, green, pink, black.
Refractive Index R.I. 2.417. Dispersion 0.044 (high).
Durability Hardness 10 on Mohs scale.
Crystal Structure Isometric (cubic).
Specific Gravity 3.515.
Sources / Occurrence The major sources include southern Africa, Australia, and Siberia. In North America, the best-known source is at Murfreesboro, Arkansas, although it has not been commercially developed. Significant deposits have been found recently in Canada.


Diamond gets its name from the Greek word "adamas" meaning unconquerable. It refers to the stone's incomparable hardness making it imperishable.

Diamond is the crystalline form of carbon found in nature as pebbles or in conglomerates and is formed at a very great depth, under great pressure by eruption in volcanic pipes.

The ancients believed that the brilliance of Diamond magnified goodness and helped resisting against the ‘devil's’ evil powder. Another belief was that if received as a gift it would bring victory, but if it was transacted the wearer would not get victorious because it would offend the spirit dwelling in the diamond. The Diamond symbolizes fearlessness and invincibility and has been treasured as symbols of devotion and purity.

It is also known as Heera, Vajra and Almas.
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